PD Collection CD 1/PD Collection CD 1.iso/textual/cite/support/Data/Medlars

Text File | 1996-03-26 | 8.0 KB | 166 lines

1
UI  - 95383447
AU  - Westermark B
AU  - Nister M
TI  - Molecular genetics of human glioma. [Review]
SO  - Current Opinion in Oncology 1995 May;7(3):220-5
AB  - This review focuses on genes that have a proven or presumed role in
      the genesis of astrocytic tumors. A common theme in glioblastoma is
      the amplification of genes that code for growth factor receptors of
      the protein-tyrosine kinase family (epidermal growth factor
      receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha, met). The
      majority of glioblastomas also have alterations in genes that encode
      factors that are involved in cyclin-dependent kinase activity, which
      is a critical step in G1-S transition in the cell cycle. These
      alterations include deletions of negative regulatory elements (TP53,
      CDKN2, MTS2) and amplification of positive factors (MDM2, CDK4). In
      addition, there are loci on chromosomes 10 and 19q that seem to be
      involved in tumor progression. [References: 33]

2
UI  - 95383445
AU  - Chang SM
AU  - Prados MD
TI  - Chemotherapy for gliomas. [Review]
SO  - Current Opinion in Oncology 1995 May;7(3):207-13
AB  - Despite advances in surgical and radiation therapy techniques, the
      prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas remains poor. Few
      agents have been developed specifically for brain tumors, and the
      nitrosoureas remain the most active antitumor agents available. In
      this paper we review the chemotherapeutic and chemoradiation
      protocols currently being used to treat primary and recurrent
      gliomas in adults. [References: 56]

3
UI  - 95285150
AU  - Jinnah HA
AU  - Friedmann T
TI  - Gene therapy and the brain. [Review]
SO  - British Medical Bulletin 1995 Jan;51(1):138-48
AB  - In this article we describe the application of the emerging concepts
      of gene therapy to 4 different neurologic disorders. The first of
      these is Lesch-Nyhan disease, a genetically-determined
      neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a defect in the gene which
      encodes the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). Two additional disorders,
      Parkinsonism and Alzheimer's disease, are both neurodegenerative
      diseases of unknown etiology which affect the elderly. The final
      disorder involves malignant brain tumors. In each of these
      disorders, basic research with in vitro systems and animal models
      has suggested that the tools of gene transfer may provide a novel
      and potentially effective treatment strategy. [References: 49]

4
UI  - 95283775
AU  - DeVroom HL
TI  - The future of neuro-oncology. [Review]
SO  - Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 1995 Mar;7(1):179-83
AB  - Treatment options for patients with malignant primary and metastatic
      lesions to the brain are limited and offer little therapeutic
      benefit. Despite the use of conventional therapy survival of
      patients is measured in weeks and months. The use of gene therapy
      with ganciclovir administration and immunotherapy using targeted
      protein toxins are two experimental approaches to improving this
      poor prognosis through regional therapy. [References: 21]

5
UI  - 95283769
AU  - Charette JL
TI  - Contemporary approaches of chemotherapy. [Review]
SO  - Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 1995 Mar;7(1):135-42
AB  - This article discusses recent chemotherapeutic therapies for
      patients with malignant glioma. The use of biodegradable polymer
      wafers, chemical alteration of the blood-brain barrier, high-dose
      hormonal therapy, and bone marrow transplantation are included as
      new approaches to treatment. The use of growth factors and improved
      antiemitics allow patients to tolerate aggressive chemotherapy.
      [References: 28]

6
UI  - 95283766
AU  - Lamb SA
TI  - Radiation therapy options for management of the brain tumor patient.
      [Review]
SO  - Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 1995 Mar;7(1):103-14
AB  - Radiation therapy rarely cures malignant brain tumors; however, it
      is the best treatment available at present. Refinement of radiation
      delivery systems must continue in order to minimize normal tissue
      injury and to maximize the quality of life. Multimodal therapy
      designed to attack cancer at its genetic makeup holds great promise.
      Radiation therapy will always remain one of the forms of therapy
      used to treat malignant brain tumors. [References: 16]

7
UI  - 95245402
AU  - Packer RJ
TI  - Brain tumors in children. [Review]
SO  - Current Opinion in Pediatrics 1995 Feb;7(1):64-72
AB  - Brain tumors are the most common form of solid neoplasm of
      childhood. Progress in the treatment of childhood brain tumors has
      been frustratingly slow, especially in comparison with other
      pediatric malignancies. The biology of primary pediatric brain
      tumors of childhood is just being unraveled. Chemotherapy is a major
      component of the treatment of many forms of childhood primary
      central nervous system tumors and is being used in attempts to
      improve survival and to delay or decrease the amount of radiotherapy
      needed. Despite the use of more aggressive radiotherapy approaches
      and intensified chemotherapy approaches, outcome remains dismal for
      brain stem gliomas and high-grade cortical gliomas. Many unsettled
      issues exist concerning the treatment of childhood low-grade
      gliomas. [References: 40]

8
UI  - 95223412
AU  - Linskey ME
AU  - Gilbert MR
TI  - Glial differentiation: a review with implications for new directions
      in neuro-oncology. [Review]
SO  - Neurosurgery 1995 Jan;36(1):1-21; discussion 21-2
AB  - Major advances in cell culture techniques, immunology, and molecular
      biology during the last 10 years have led to significant progress in
      understanding the process of normal glial differentiation. This
      article summarizes our current understanding of the cellular and
      molecular basis of glial differentiation based on data obtained in
      cell culture and reviews current hypotheses regarding the
      transcriptional control of the gene switching that controls
      differentiation. Understanding normal glial differentiation has
      potentially far-reaching implications for developing new forms of
      treatment for patients with glial neoplasms. If oncogenesis truly
      involves a blockage or a short circuiting of the differentiation
      process in adult glial progenitor cells, or if it results from
      dedifferentiation of previously mature cells, then a clear
      understanding of differentiation may provide a key to understanding
      and potentially curtailing malignancy. Differentiation agents
      represent a relatively new class of drugs that effect cellular gene
      transcription at the nuclear level, probably through alterations in
      chromatin configuration and/or differential gene induction. These
      exciting new agents may provide a means of preventing the
      dedifferentiation of low-grade gliomas or inducing malignant glioma
      cells to differentiate with minimal toxicity. In the future, genetic
      therapy has the potential of more specifically rectifying the defect
      in genetic control that led to oncogenesis in any given tumor.
      [References: 282]

9
UI  - 95176209
AU  - Cavenee WK
AU  - White RL
TI  - The genetic basis of cancer. [Review]
SO  - Scientific American 1995 Mar;272(3):72-9

1
UI  - 96041155
AU  - Eustace S
AU  - Suojanen J
AU  - Buff B
AU  - McEniff N
AU  - Januario J
AU  - Norris C
TI  - Pre-operative imaging of esthesioneuroblastoma.
SO  - Clinical Radiology 1995 Sep;50(9):639-43
AB  - The pre-operative images of three patients with biopsy proven
      esthesioneuroblastoma are presented. The role of computed tomography
      (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the pre-operative
      determination of tumour extent is discussed.